William graham babcock



m, m n H a l. B t n a t a P m K m cnn DE OTw Ema M w M flu .m G w w M 9 W 6 0- I (No Model.)

INVENTORY B3 @M ATTORNEY WITNESSES UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

lVILLIAM GRAHAM BABCOCK, QF NEWV YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNQR TO FREDERIC XV. IIILLARD, OF SAME PLACE.

TYPE-WRITER.

,spnemcnmn forming part? Letters Patent No. 617,798, dated January 17,- 1899.

vcapement mechanism of ype-writing machines; and it consists in adevicefor increasing'the speed of the carriage and for reducing the force necessary to operate the 'escapement. e

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, I have shown my invention applied to a Remington type-writer of the general style shown and described in United-States Patents to George B. Webb, No.

. 7 599,428, dated February 22, 1898, and to. Louis I chinesknown to the art. 85

P. Dies, No. w599, i17 dated February 22, 1898; but afiworkman skilled in type-writer construction willfreadily adapt the invention to each of the various styles of type-writing n'1a' escapement-wheel coeperating with my {improveddevice; but anyother. style of rack is equally adapted to cooperate therewith'as, for instance, a straight rack. lose the terms .-rack.and escapement-wheel interchangeably herein, the former being generic and the latter specific and includedwithin the genus. .fr'ack. In the claims where'lemploy the term rack I intend to include within themeaning of that term escapement-wheels and all known styles of racks. I In the machine which Ishow" the paper is mounted uponand feeds with the carriage; but of course my invention is applicable to other-carriages-as, for exam ple, those which'support and feed the printing mechanism. 1

- In the drawings only such parts are shown as are necessaryto-illustrate my invention; Figure 1 is a vertical-cross-section of they rear part of the type-writer, taken throughthe escapement mechanism.-- Fig. 2 isa view of a' portion of 'the'escapement mechanism seen from the rear of the machine at right angles to Fig. 1. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are positional top views of certain parts of thees capement. Figs. 6, 7, and Sare positional side pressed in the usual manner by spring 10. So long as dog 8 is engaged with the escape- Ihave shown an .In theabove description I have stated that Application filed May. 27, 1898. Serial No. 681,919. (No modelil views coerespondin g, respectively, to Figs. 3,4, and 5,

The feed-rack 1 is mounted on the carriage 2 and engages-with pinion 3. 'The piuion is fastened to the inner end of ashaft journaled -5 5' in bracket 4, andthe escape-wheel5 is mounted on the. outer end of the shaft. Escapewheel- 5 is referred to broadly in the accompanying claims by the term rack. The dogrocker 6 is pivoted ou-dependent bracket 7. The dog-rocker is provided with two pivoted dogs 8 and-9,wh ich alternately engage and disengagewith theescapement-wheel, so as to permit the escapement-wheel to rotate step by step under the impulse'of the mainspring s (not shown) and thus feed the carriage. Dog

-8 engages with the escapement-wheel during the normal unused condition of the machine. This dog is of the usual style and springment-wheelit is drawn to the limit of its forv ward movement in contact with screw 11.

Dog 9Lis normally out. of engagement with the escape'ment-wheel. .Upon depression of any type-key (not shown) for printing the dog-rocker is rotated on its axis 12 and the dogs are moved inward, so that dog 8 is disengaged from the escapement-wheel and dog .9 simultaneously engaged therewith. Dog 8 is then spaced backward by springlO' away from screwll and into position for'reengagementwith the next succeeding tooth of the escapementrwheel as soon as the type-key is released. All of the above gntrts (excepting dog 9) are of the usual style and operate in the usual manner, and there is'the usual open space between the adjacent edges of the two dogs.

0 dog 8 is spaced forwar by the nialnspring into. contact with screw l and backward by spring 10 into position for reengagement with a succeeding tooth. By the 'forward spacing of the dogl mean the direction in which it is moved by the mainspring or other carriagepropelling power, and by its backward spacing' I mean its movement in the direction opposite to that in which it is spaced by the 'inainszqtriing,. The same definitions will also. zoo

apply to the swiveling or spacing of dog 9 on the dog-rocker, which swivelin g will be hereinafter fully described.

From the above definitions it will beseen that I apply the terms forward and backward to the movements of the dogs upon their pivots. The dog-rocker also has the usual inward and outward movement on the machine by rotation on its axis 12, as above described. Normally or in the unused condition of the machine the dog-rocker is moved by spring 13 to the limit of its outward movement with stopscrew 14 in contact with bracket 7 and dog 8 engaged with the escapement-wheel. The escapement members are then in engagement. When a type-key is depressed, the dog-rocker is moved to. the limit of its inward movement, so; that buffer-stop 15 contacts with bracket 7, dog 8 is disengaged from the escapement-wheel, and dog 9 engaged therewith. The escapement members are then disengaged.

The terms engaging and disengaging members of the escapeinent as used herein are intended to include an escapement whereg in one of the .two members has two elements, as, say, the two dogs in the drawings. The term engagement designates the normal engagement of the members when the machine is at rest, and the term disengagement designates the relation of the members opposite thereto. To illustrate, the members are engaged in Fig. 1 and they are disengaged in Fig. 7.

My invention comprises dog 9 and the parts connected thereto and operative therewith. These will now be fully described and their mode of operation clearly pointed out. Dog

9 consists of the rack-engaging part 16 and the pivotal shaft 17. It also" comprises the banking-stops l8 and 19, which limit its movement in either direction on the dog-rocker.

The rack-engagin g part 16, the shaft 17, and the banking-stops 18 and 19 are all formed in one piece. The dog is journaled on the dogrocker in bearings 2O and 21, which are cast integral with the dog-rocker and are bored out to receive shaft '17. The'dog is provided with a flange 22, between the rack-engaging part 16 and the shaft 17, which restson top of journal 20 and supports the dog thereon. A collar 23 is secured on shaft 17 be low journal 21 bya pin or in any other suitable manner to prevent the dog from acci-- dentally being lifted up out of its proper position on the dog-rocker. The shaft 17 is encircled by spiral spring 24. This spring is fastened at its lower end to the shaft by passing through a small hole drilled in the shaft to receive it orin any other suitable manner, and its upper end rests against the outer edge of the dog-rocker. (See Fig. 2.) The spring is so tensioned that it tends to swivel the dog or rotate it in its journals to the limit of its backward movement with the banking-stop 18 in contact with the banking-pin 25, which pin is inserted in'the top of journal 20 to ongage with banking-stops 1S and 10 to limit tooth of the escapement-wheel that is occupied by dog 8. Upon the depression of a type key the rocker is rotated on its axis 12, so that dog 8 is moved inward until disengaged from the escapement-whee'l, and simultaneously dog 9 is engaged therewith. The pull of the mainspring is then immediately transmitted through the carriage 2, rack 1, pinion 3, and escapement-wheel 5 to dog 9 and tends to swivel the dog on its axis 17 to the limit of its "forward movement on the rocker, with banking-stop 19 in contact with pin 25. If the do -rocker is vibrated so far inward that any part of the tooth of the escapementwhcel is in line with the center of the pivot-shaft 17, the pull of the "mainspring cannot swivel dog 9 forward, being opposed and prevented from doing so by shaft 17; but whenever the escapement-wheel is engaged with any part of dog 9 wholly inside of the center line of shaft 17 it tends'lo swivel thedog forward on the dog-rocker, so that banking-stop 18 will be disengaged from its contact with pin 25 and banking-stop 19 engaged therewith, as shown in Fig. 5. "When banking-stop 18 andpin 25 are in contact, the dog is at the limit of its backward movement on the rocker, and when banking-stop 19 and pin 25'are in contact the dog is at the limit of its forward movement on the rockem During the disengaging movementof-dog 9 from the escapement-wheel as the escapementavheel approaches nearer and nearer to theinner ed of the dog the mainspring exerts a constantlyincreasin g pressure to move the dog to the limit-- of its forward movement. This is so because the leverage from the center line of shaft 17 to the point of contact with the 'escapement-wheel' is 'constantlyincreasin g, witlr'a' resultant increase of the leverage acted on by the niainspring to move the do The spring 24 exerts a constant light pressure to maintain. dog 9 at the limit of its backward movementon the rocker, with banking-stop18 in contact with banking-pin 25, and consequently the escapemcntwheel has to engage with the'dog at some little distance inside of the pivotal line of shaft 17 before the mainspring can exert sufficient pressure to overcome the tension of spring 24 and move banking-stop 19 info cn gagement with pin 25.

In order to obtain the best results as to speed of the carriage-feed.andlightness of action of "the escapement, the distance between the outer edge of dog 8 and the center line of shaft 17 should be slightly greater than the width of the teeth of the escapemen'twheel and buifeflstop 15 should be no ed-- justed that the dog rocker cannot be moved of the mainspri'ng ovcrcomin g the light back to one another that, each dog may. performinward far enough to quite bring the outer edge of the escapement-wheel to the center line of shaft 17., If the parts are made and adjusted as above-indicated, the carriage will.

start forward slightly during the downstroke of the type-keys, the banking-stop 18 starting slightly away frompin 25, as shown in Fig. .4,

during the printing stroke, and as soon as the key is released dog 9 will be space'dto the limit of its forward movement, the. pressure ward pressure. of spring 2 The-carriage moves forward with the 'escapemen't -wheel while dog 9 is being disengaged. until the dog is wholly disengaged,-'and then itis'free to finish its lotter-spacezfeeding movement and is brought to -rest by the contacting'of dog 8 with stop-screw 11 in the usual manner. It is also apparent that during the disengagement of dog E) fronrthc escapement-whel the inclined face which the :dog presents, to the cscapemont-wheel acts as a camming-sui-face, whereby the pull of the .m ainspring is utilized, in conjunction with the spring 13, to restorethedog-rocker to its normal position or, in other words, to rcengage the escapemcnt members.

Attention is called to the fact that if "the outeredge of dog 8 and the center line of shaft 17 are too far apart relatively to the width of the escapement-wheel there will bef'so much feed of the carriage prior to the printing that there is apt to be a blur in the print. .The

.distances chosen should -preferably be such that while the liability 'of blurring is not too great the mainspring may be brought into action at all parts of the feeding movement that dog 9 is engagedwith the escapementwheel, so as to space dog '9 forward and to cam the spacing-rocker backward, as above .described. With the assistance of my invention, if preferred and if the parts are properly balancedand the distances properly adjusted, the spring 13 may bediscarded altogether'and the mainspring alone utilized to rengage the I escapement members after the printing.

Attention is also called to 'the fact that,

any desired portion. of that feed. I have pro vided adjusting-scrcw 11 for this purpose.

. sition that it was in at the beginning of the printing stroke, or it maybe so adjusted that at the end of the printing stroke the carriage may havefed one-fourth, orone-half, or any oth'er'dcsi red portion of its letter-space feed but if the screw 11 is set so that the carriage is free to feed throughany great part of the letter-space prior to the printing, then, while thespeed of the escapeinent ando'f the carriage is increased, the danger of blurring the print is also proportionally increased, as above described. xz I Another feature to which I wish to call attention is that the carriage may be spaced backward by the aid of dog 9 as well as forward. As is customary, dog 8 is disengaged from the escapemcnt-wheel at about the1niddle or, later, in the printing stroke of the type-keys. Under these circumstances one of two things must happen-either the carriage will be fed forward, carryingthe escapement-wheel and dog 9 with it, until banking-stop 19 contacts with pin 25, and then during the remainder of the printing stroke the carriage will be cammed backward, the escapement-wheel trayeling backward along the inclined face of dog 9, presented to it, or

else the printing stroke must be so quick that the carriage will have very little time to space forward; Therefore if the legato or improper printing stroke is used. the carriage will first feed forward and then backward, but will be in the proper position at the instant of printing, whereas if the staccato or proper printing stroke is used the carriage will be in the proper position at the instant of printing and will be instantly partially released and the mainspring will be utilized causing it to present aninclined' face to the rack, whereby the means employed to effect power) is utilized to disengage the dog from I to the rack and to feed the escapement and the carriage and also to retract them and to im- 1 part an impulse to the keyto lift it, 850., I be- IIeretofore fixed of the dog, andafter the printing the carriage and the escapement are partially released for .their feeding, movement by the engagement of the rack-with the beveled edge dur'ing'the disengagement of the dog from the rack. This has resulted in a. light-running and speedy eseapement; but in using the same .the difficulty is encountered that the beveled dog,bein-g fi$red on its holderand immovable thereon, isapt to butt against the sides of the rack-teeth in fast work. This is because the carriage does not always have time to feed through the whole of the letter-space after the release of one key and before the blow on another. My herein-described improvement obviates this-diflicnlty by giving to the normallydisengaged dog an independent swiveling movement on the dog-rocker, whereby the dog spaces backward as soon as it is wholly disengaged from the rack. Hence in my eseapement the carriage feeds forward and simultaneously the dog swivels backward while they are disengaged from each other,

and consequently the dog is brought into position. for reengagement with the next tooth of the rack more rapidly than it is possible to position the fixed beveled-edge dogs heretofore in use.

I have shown the rack-engagin g face of dog 0 in a plane which cuts directly across the center line of pivot-shaft 17. In case the dog is made in this manner it is advisable to bevel the edges of the teeth of the escapementwheel for the reason that after dog 9 is disengaged from the wheel while it is swiveling backward it closes in .or narrows down the distancebetweendtself and dog 8, and consequentlyunless the edges of the teeth'are beveled the dog in swiveling backward throws down onto the teeth.- "If it is not desirable to p the terms feeding movement of the escapement and feeding movement of the carriage. By feeding movement of the carriage I refer to the step-by-step advau cem ent of the carriage for letter-spacing. The feeding movement of the escapement also refers to the step-by-step advancement of feeding member of the escapement in letter-spacin In' the escapem'ent of course only one of the members is fed, and therefore the term feeding movement of the escapement does'not signify necessarily any advancement of the escapement as a whole, but only the advancement of such parts or that member of the escapeinent which advances in conjunction with the carriage to effect the letter-space feed for printin I also believe the invention of pivoting a* dog on its holder and providing it with a limited movement thereon and positioning it so that its free end faces the rack and provid' in g means to move the. holder so that the d ':'g can be moved bodily'toward and into engage ment with the rack, first the free end and then the pivoted end, to be broadly new. The construction is such that one and the same dog performs ,the function of a detaining-dog in holding the carriage during the printing and the functions of a camming-dog in retractin g the carriage prior to the printing and in rrt-ngaging the cscanemcnt members after the printing and the function of the spacingdogiu permitting feed of the carriage by yieldingon its axis to the pull of the mainspring.

The action of the mainspring or other carriage-propelling power hereinbefore referred to forrestoring orstartin g back to theirnormal positions all of the moving parts connect-ed with and operated from the keys is fully described and broadly claimed in United Statespatent to F. Vt, Hillard, No. 580,281, dated April 6, 1897, and the action of said propelling power in retracting the carriage and re .versing the escapement-feed is fully described and broadly claimed in patent to said Hillard, No. 554,87l, dated Febr'uarylS, 1896. I therefore do not claim these features broadly herein, but I claim them specifically in combination. with my above-described carriage-controlling obliquely-swiveling feeding-dog.

I intend that buffer-stop 15 shall be so adjusted as to' perform the function of a repulser, as described by said Hillard in his Patent No. 577,982, dated March 2, 1897. In order to accomplish this result, the bufferstop should be so adjusted as to contact with bracket 7 slightly before the type-key is fully depressed. Its result is then to prevent any further vibration of the dog-rocker 6, so that in order to fully depress the key the key-lever has to be flexed and, then,,owing to its resiliency, the key-lever becomes a repulser and tends to lift the key and to restore the printing member or type-bar (which is connected with the key in the usual manner) to its normal position.

Having thus described my invention and without limiting myself to the details shown, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a typewriter escapement, the combination of a rack, and an escapement mechanism therefor having a movable dog adapted to alternately engage and disengage with the rack, said dog being so disposed as to present its raclnengaging face in one plane for engagement with the rack, and having a limited swiveling movement, and means whereby when it is engaged with the rack it is caused to swivel and thereby present its said face to the'rack in another plane, which said other plane is oblique to the direction of the feeding movement of the cscapement, substantially as described.

In a type-writer escapement, the combination of a rack, and an escapement mechanism therefor having a normally-disengaged movable dog adapted to alternately engage the direction of the feeding movement of tho cscanement and permits of a partial feed of the escapement while the dog is being disengaged from the rack, substan tially as described.

3. In a type-writer escapement, the combination of a rack, an escapement mechanism therefor having a normally-disengaged movable dog adapted to alternately engage and disengage with the rack, said dog being so disposed as to present its rack-engaging face in one plane for engagement with the rack,

and having a limited swiveling movement,

means whereby the dogwhen it is engaged with the rack is caused to swivel and thereby present its said face to the rack in another plane, which said other plane is oblique to the direction of the feeding movement of the escapement and means tending to prevent the swiveling of the dog wherebythe said swiveling means operates to disengage said dog from the rack, substantially'as described.

4. In a typewriter escapement, the combination of a rack, an esoapement mechanism therefor having a movable dog adapted to altern ately engage and disengage with the rack, said dog "being normally disengaged and so disposed as to present its rack-engaging face in one-plane for engagement with the rack, and having a limited swiveling movement, a key for engaging said dog with the rack, and means whereby when the dog is engaged with the rack it is caused to swivel and thereby present its said face to the rack in another plane, which said other plane is oblique to the direction of the feeding movement of-t'he es capement so that the escapement may be fed in a reverse direction by a further depression of the key after the dog has been swiveled, substantially. as described.

5. In a type-writer escapement, the combination of a rack, an escapement mechanism therefor having a movable dog adapted to alternately engage and disengage with the rack, said dog being normally disengaged and so disposed as to present its rack-engaging face in one plane for engagement with the rack,-

and-having a limited swiveling I'noven'1ent, a-

key for engaging said dog with the rack,

means whereby when the dog is engaged with.

- the rack it is caused to swivel and thereby present its said face to the rack in another plane, which said other plane is oblique to the direction of the feeding movement of the escapement and means tending to prevent the swiveling of the dog whereby after the dog has been swiveled the force of the swiveling means is transmitted through the escapement to the key and operates'to lift the key, substantially as described- 6. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a power-driven carriage, and an es: capement to control the feed thereof compris} ing a rack and escapement mechanism therefor having a pivoted,spring-pressed dog which is normally out of engagement with the rack but is adapted to engage therewith, said dog being so disposed as to normally present its engaging face to the rackin aplane subs antially at right angles to the direction of the feeding movement of the escapement, and having a limited swiveling movement, whereby when it is engaged with the rack the carriage-propelling power causes it to swivel on its axis and thereby present its said face to therack in a plane oblique to the direction of the feeding movement of the escapement, substantially as described.

7. In a type-writer escapeme'nt, thc combination of a'rack, and an escapement mechanism therefor having a swiveling dog adapted to alternately engage and disengage with the rack, said dog being provided with a limited movement and positioned with its swiveling endfacing the rack, means for moving the dog bodily toward and into engagement with the.

ing a rack which feeds in conjunction with the carriage,'and an escapement mechanism therefor having-a pivoted, spring-pressed dog that is normally out of engagement with'the rack but is adapted toengage therewith, said dog being positioned with its spring-pressed end facing the rack, means for moving thedog bodily toward and into engagement with the rack, first its spring-pressed end and then its pivotal part, whereby the pivotal part controls the carriagewhen the rack andthe dog are fully engaged, and the spring-pressed end yields to the force ofthe carriage-propelling power and therebypermitsa feeding movement of the carriage while the rack and the dogare being disengaged from each other, substantially' as described.

.9. In a typewriter escapement, the combination of two engaging members, one ofwhich comprises an element that normally engages with the other member and a normally-disengaged element, anda carriage-controling obliquely-swiveling feeding-face on the normally-disengaged element, substantially as described" 10. Ina type-writerescapement, the combination of two engaging members, oneof which of the other member, substantially as de scribed.

11. In a type-writer escapement, the combi nation of .two engaging members, one of which comprises an element that normally engages with'the othermember,a normally-disengaged element with a carriage-controllin g obliquelynation of two engaging members, one of which comprises an element that normally engages with the other member and that is provided with a carriage-holding face parallel with the.

holding face or faces with which it engages in the other member, a normally-disengaged element, and a carriage-controlling obliquelyswiveling feeding-face. on the normally-disengaged element,'substantially as described.

13. In a type-writer escapement, the com bination of two engaging members, one of which comprises an element that normally engageswith the other-member, and. that is provided with a carriage-holding face parallel with the holding face or faces with which it engages in r the other member, a normally-disengaged elewent, and a carriage-controlling obliquelyswiveling feeding-face onthe no'rmally-disengaged element, which swiveling face; is wider than the normally-engaged part of the other member, substantially as described.

14. In a type-writer escapement, the combination of two engaging members, one of which comprises an element that normally engages with the other member and that is provided with a carriage-holding face parallel with the holding face or faces with which it engages in the other member, a normally-disengaged element with a carriage-controlling obliquelyswivelingfeeding-face adjacent to the normallyrengaged element, and an open space between the two said elements; said swiveling face and open space together being wider than the width to which the normally-engaging element enters into the other member..

15. In a type-writer escapement,.the combination of two engaging members which can be disengaged and reengaged, one of which comprises an element that is normally out of engagement with the other member but is adapted to engage therewith, and is provided with an engaging face parallel with the corresponding engaging face or faces of the other member, means for engaging said element with the other member, and means for'swivan "o liqne position relatively to the said face or faces. of the other member, the construction and operation being such. that said ele ment holds the escapement under control while itis fully engaged with the other member, but'fpermits a gradual feeding movement of the escapement during the disengagement of said elemert from the other member,'substantially as described. 16. In a type-writing machine,the combination of an escapernent, a key to operate the escapement, a printing member, a connection elingJ-the engaging face of said element into.

between the key and the printing member;

:hereby the printing member is operated by the keyto effect the printing, a carriage that is spaced under control of the escapement, a carriage-controlling obli quel y-swivelin g feeding element for releasing th carriage during the disengagement of said element from the other member of the escapement, means for advancing the carriage when soreleased, and a connection between the carriage'advancing means and the printing member, through the escapemnt and the key, whereby the printing member is started-toward normal position by aid of the carriage-advancing means, substantially as described. 7

'17, In a type writing machine,the combination of an escapement, a' key to operate the escapement, a repulser for the key, a carriage that is spaced under control oi the escapement, 5 carriage-controlling obliquely-swiveling feeding element for releasing the car- 'riage during the disengagement of said element from the other' member of I the escapement, means for advancin gthe carriage when so released, and a connection between'the carriage-advancing means and the key, through the escapement, when the key is depressed,

whereby the key is started back to its raised position by aid of the carriage-advancing means and the repulser, substantially as described. 18; y In a type-writing machine,the combination of an escapement, a key to operate the escapement, a repulser for the key, a typebar, a connection between the. key and the type-bar whereby the type-bar is operated by the stroke of thekey to effectthe printing, a carriage that is spaced under control of the escapement, a normally-disengaged carriagecontrolling obliquely-swiveling feeding-dog l for releasing the carriage during the disengagement of said dog from the rack member of the escapemen't, a carriagemiainspring for advancing the carriagewhen so released, and a connection between the carriage mainspring and the key and the type-bar, through the escapement, when the key is depressed, whereby the key is raised and the type-bar started back to normal position by aid of the carriage-mainspring and the repnlser, substantially as described. w

10. In a typewriter escapement,tl1e'combination of two engaging'members,one of which comprises an element that normally engages with the other member and a normally-disengaged element, a carriage-controlling .ob-j

liquely-swive1ing feeding-face on the -normany-disengaged element, and means for adjusting the portion of the escapement-feed performed under control of each of said elements, substantially as described;

20.1 In a type-writer escapement, .the combination of a dog-rocker; api voted dog mounted thereon with a limited movement, anlimpulsespringwhich spaces the dog backward on the rocker, means for vibrating the rocker and for thereby engaging the dog with the rack memberv of the escapement, first the free end and then the pivotal end of the dog, wherebylin owerovercomes the impulse-s rin and s P a spaces the dog forward while the dog is being disengaged from the rack member, substantially as described,

21. Ina type-writer the combination with a spaced member and an escapement compris-v ing two members, the one member having a rack and the other member having a moving part which is engaged with and disengaged from the rack, of means for moving the r is provided with a movins part that engages I spaced member in one direction and the moving part in the escapernentmechanism in the one direction, which means are antagonistic during the engagement of the said rack and part, the means for moving the spaced memher acting upon the moving member of the escapement mechanism, and tending to move it with a 'force varying at different periods vof the said engagement, substantially as described.

22. In a type-writer the combination with a carriage and an. escapement thereforcomprising a rack and a dog which is engaged with and disengaged from the rack, of a carriagepropelling spring which acts upon the dog when the rack is in engagement therewith,

and tends to move it with a force varyingat difierent periods of the engagement, and an impulse-spring acting upon the dog in opposition to the carriage-spring, substantially as described. I

23. In a type-writer escapement, the combination of two engaging members, one of which can be spaced step by step, and one of which spaced member are in full engagement, subwith and is disengaged from the other mem- 40 her, means for feeding the spaced member in one direction, means for spacing the said moving part in one direction, which means are antagonist-Vic during the engagement of the said moving part and other member, the means for feeding the spaced member acting upon the moving part and tending to move it with a force varying at different periods of the said engagement, substantially as described 5o 24. In a type-writer escapement the combination with a spaced member and an escapementmechanism having aswiveled dog therein which is en gaged with and disengaged from the spaced ll1 6l1lbei,0f a mainspring for the spaced member, and an impulse-spring holdingthe swiveled dog rcarwardly against the tension of the ma'inspring when the dog and stantially as described. I 6c 25. In a type-writereseapement the combination with a spaced member-and an escapcment mechanism havinga swiveled dog therein, which isengaged'wi th and disengaged from the spaced member, of a m'a-inspring for the spaced member and an impulse-spring acting when the dog and spaced member are in engagement uponthe dog to oppose and neutraiize the mainspring, dependent upon the point of engagement'between the. dog and the spaced member, substantially as described Signed by me in NewYork city this 26th day of May, 1898.

WILLIAM GRAHAM BABGOCK i 

